Drip irrigation of trees
Our fathers traditionally used the Kirti method to water trees and gardens. But today, due to the lack of water resources and drought and efforts to reduce costs, this irrigation method no longer meets the needs of farmers and gardeners. In this case, the best method for optimal use of resources and reducing costs is drip irrigation of trees. This method can be used to water different types of trees.
The mechanism of drip irrigation of trees
In short, the mechanism of tree drip irrigation is as follows: first, the water enters the drip irrigation network through a pump, and after passing through various filters, including a disc filter, and removing fine suspended particles, the water is sent through the drippers at the feet of the trees. is poured
Drip irrigation of pistachio tree
Pistachio is considered as one of the important products in the world and in Iran, which has a very high nutritional value. Pistachio grows in countries like Iran, Syria, Turkmenistan and western Afghanistan and is the most important export product of Iran’s agricultural sector and in recent years it has brought an income of nearly two thousand million dollars to the country. Electric gardening tools
The pistachios produced in Iran are among the best in terms of quality, which is evidenced by the 90% sales of the products produced in the country. Since pistachio plays an important role in currency exchange, its cultivation is of special importance. Among the producers of the world, our country is considered as the first and largest producer in the world with an annual production of 200 thousand tons, followed by America and Turkey.
Droughts and the need to use new irrigation methods
Pistachio is one of the plants that needs the least amount of water but in consecutive times. Because it grows in light lemon soils, i.e., sand and clay, and this has made the irrigation times for this plant very important. Since this product is produced in tropical provinces such as Kerman, in recent years it has been severely affected by the drought crisis and excessive harvesting of underground water sources in the plains of Rafsanjan, Sirjan, Kerman and Yazd. The product has faced the risk of dehydration. The best way to continue the profitability of planting pistachio trees is to use the drip irrigation method of pistachio trees. vegetable gardening
In traditional methods, the pistachio tree is irrigated once every 45 days, and this problem damages the tree in the summer season and ultimately leads to the production of low-quality pistachios. But in drip irrigation of pistachio trees, the tree is irrigated once every 15 days in three-day periods, and the produced product will be in a higher category in terms of quality and quality.
Drip irrigation of walnut trees in the foothills
In gardens that are in the foothills or sloping lands and the source of water supply is a spring, walnut tree drip irrigation is done with the help of gravity. In this method, a pool is created at the top of the garden and a main pipe is drawn into the garden and with the help of the main pipes and secondary pipes water is drawn to the feet of the trees.
Drip irrigation of fruit trees allows you to control the exact location of the water flow compared to traditional irrigation strategies. Also, the leaves of fruit trees, flowers and fruits remain dry, and other drops of water on them, which are created in traditional irrigation methods, do not cause the spread of bacterial and fungal diseases among fruit trees. In addition, since the water is not transferred to the fruit tree through the air and using a sprinkler, you do not lose much water due to evaporation. In this way, the moisture goes directly to the soil without entering the atmosphere, which saves water and saves you water money.
In the drip irrigation method of fruit trees, if the tree is watered regularly to avoid stress, you will end up with larger fruits.
Principles of drip irrigation of fruit trees
In drip irrigation, a network of different pipes branched from the main water source to each of the trees. In this situation, when you open the drops, this water will reach each of these networks using a pump from its main source. At the same time as these water droplets pass through the cyclone, foreign materials and sand in their path are completely settled.
Of course, in addition to this filter, drip irrigation has another filter known as a disc. Many people know the disc filter as a mesh filter, which separates suspended solids in water.
If you want to fertilize your trees at the same time, using a drip irrigation system will make your work much easier. These systems have a part called the fertilizer tank, where every time you water the trees, some water is placed in this tank. You can pour your desired amount of fertilizer into these tanks and wait for the fertilizer solution and water to come out from the other end of the tank.
Then this solution enters the main stream of water and reaches the foot of the tree like the rest of the water.
Types of irrigation methods for fruit trees
In order to properly learn how to drip irrigate fruit trees, you need to know that there are different ways to do this. In this section, we will introduce you to different types of this type of irrigation that you can use to water all your fruit trees.
1- Underground drip irrigation with permeable pipes
You can drip irrigate your trees using permeable pipes that ooze water. The way this type of irrigation system works is that it causes water to be drawn out of these pipes. Most of the time, permeable pipes are installed in underground drip irrigation at a depth of 70 to 80 cm. However, because the roots of the trees may damage the pipes, it is necessary to use high-quality pipes to irrigate fruit trees.
2- Drip irrigation
Drip irrigation is considered one of the simplest and most common methods of irrigation of fruit trees, which most people choose because of its simplicity. In this method, the required water reaches the soil surface using the droppers inside the pipes. These types of drippers have different flow rates between 2 and 12 liters per hour.
3- Bubbler drip irrigation
Another method of drip irrigation for fruit trees that you can use for your garden is bubbler drip irrigation. In this method, water is released using very low pressure sprinklers and this is done very slowly and continuously.