horticulture education
Gardening is a skill and a gardener will never succeed if he does not follow the principles of gardening.
The most important principles of horticulture are:
1- Being interested in work
2- General knowledge about the plants one is dealing with
3- Maintenance methods that include:
Pruning, fertilizing, spraying, timely replacement of pots, preparation of suitable soil, irrigation and weed control.
The amount of fertilization depends on the type of substrate. Some soils are poor in nutrients and some are rich. Therefore, the amount of fertilization depends on the needs of the plant. If micro fertilizers are used, such as 12 12 36 or 20 20 20, usually dissolve two spoons in 20 liters of water and pour 3 to 4 liters at the foot of each tree and continue every month until the plant grows.
Or dissolve one spoon in 20 liters of water and spray it on the leaves. Another method of fertilization is to use rotted animal manure. When the plant is falling or resting, the feet of the trees should be plowed and some rotted animal manure should be added to it. to be
Gardening training and tips ; suitable soil
Most plants need the right soil, the right soil is the soil that is rich in nutrients and has good drainage. The right soil is a combination of leaf soil + loam soil and a small percentage of sand. The land should have good drainage.
Gardening training and tips; Pest control and spraying
The time and amount of spraying depends on the type of plant. If you have fruit trees, especially citrus fruits, spraying is done three times a year. In March, July and September, poisons such as fungicides, insecticides and acaricides can be used every time.
The amount of poison in 20 liters of water: fungicide 40 cc, insecticide 10 cc and acaricide 5 cc. For the rest of the fruit trees, it is enough to spray twice a year. Try to spray in the evening to prevent the strong evaporation of the poison so that the poison remains on the plant for a longer time. 8 beautiful apartment flowers
Gardening training and tips ; Effect of pruning on plants
Pruning means removing or reducing some parts of plants. Pruning can be done in the aerial parts or in the roots of the plants.
Pruning in the aerial part: includes extra leaves and branches. The plant needs a suitable space to grow. Sometimes the extra branches and leaves reduce the suitable space for the plant to grow. Therefore, by identifying the dead and diseased branches and leaves, they should be removed so that the plant can maintain its vitality.
In fruit trees like kiwi that have wider leaves, in addition to the branches, some leaves can also be pruned. So that enough light reaches the leaves and the fruits have good quality. Pruning makes the plant branch. produce newer ones with more freshness.
Root pruning: in plants that are kept as bonsai, in addition to pruning the leaves, root pruning is also done in bonsai because the purpose is to keep the plants small, so the number of roots is reduced so that the plant grows less.
Some plants are kept in pots. As the plant grows, you will have to change the pot. Because the roots increase and the volume of the soil decreases, under these conditions, the plant loses its vitality. Therefore, the pots must be changed.
Gardening training and tips; Changing soil and pots
Before changing the pot, you should prepare the right soil, the right pot and the right place to change it. The size of the pot depends on the size of your plant. The bigger the plant, the bigger the pots should be. The bottom of the pot should have several holes for watering. Have good drainage.
The bottom of the pot should be covered with rice bran or tea waste or peanut skin, then pour the required soil that you have already prepared to the size of the pot, then place the desired plant in the pot.
Before placing the plant in the pot, prune the extra roots. Then add enough soil to reach the neck of the seedling. At the end of the work, water the seedlings.
It is necessary for a gardener to know well the science of plant maintenance and by integrating his experience, expertise and science, he can know all the needs of a plant and take care of the plants accordingly. If someone who is not specialized in horticulture wants to do this, it may cause irreparable damage to the plant. Therefore, it is important from where and from whom to receive horticultural education.
Since all plants do not show the same behavior and each one has different characteristics than the other, it is necessary for the gardener to know the principles and techniques of caring for each type of plant in a specific way. It is also necessary to have information about plant physiology, to some extent chemistry, soil science and weather conditions.
Not all plants have the ability to grow in any environment and some plants must be provided with special conditions for their growth. Therefore, the gardener must identify which type of plant is suitable for which climate and which soil, and be familiar with the behaviors and characteristics of each plant. Also, a gardener should know if a plant is not suitable for a climate, how to adapt that plant to that condition to a large extent.
In general, we can say that horticulture is a broad science that includes many aspects. You can learn the most important and practical things related to gardening and become an expert gardener by participating in the horticulture courses of Foliage Collection.
The method of planting grass
Lawn care may seem simple, but a good and trained gardener knows how and with what method to plant the best grass.
The first step to planting grass is to completely remove the weeds and if there is already grass planted in that land or there is an obstacle to clear it all. The most effective method that can be used to get rid of old grass and weeds is to use the herbicide glyphosate, which should be mixed with water at a ratio of one to 100 and then sprayed on the weeds. It remains in the soil for some time and affects the quality of the soil. Another method that can be used to eliminate weeds is to plow the land and collect the weeds manually.
After going through the previous steps, we need to aerate the soil using a tiller or shovel, and if we plan to add fertilizer to the soil, this step is the best step to add fertilizer.
After aerating the soil, at this stage, the soil should be leveled and smoothed. For this, the soil should be spread evenly throughout the area.
Pruning actually means training the tree. This action is done so that the shape of the tree is formed according to the standards we expect, and it is one of the most important tasks that must be taught well in horticultural education.
Pruning means cutting or removing all or part of a branch, root, leaf, flower, fruit or tree bark, which must be done using certain methods.
Benefits of pruning
Increasing the quality and quantity of products
By using pruning, you can create a suitable angle between a tree and other trees, as well as the tree trunk, which increases the strength of the tree.
Remove diseased branches
Creating a balance between the branches and leaves with the root of the tree
Rejuvenation of old trees
Training and creating the desired form and correct formation of the tree
Control and balancing of production