types of roses
According to extensive studies, there are approximately 2.3 million flowers on earth, but not all of them are known. But when it comes to rose, every person knows it well. Flowers are not just flowers, they are a magnificent banquet organizer in the world.
History of roses
Rose Flower in English is a flowering and perennial plant of the rose family (Rosaceae). The rose is nearly 35 million years old and has 150 species and thousands of hybrid models. The first rose garden was built by the Chinese nearly 5 thousand years ago.
Most of the rose species are native to Asia and a smaller number belong to Europe, North America and Northwest Africa. However, apart from Antarctica, it is possible to grow roses in most regions.
Usually, the size of the rose is large and depending on its type, it can grow up to seven meters. Also, this flower can be grown in various forms such as bush, branch or trailing with thorny stems of different sizes and types.
Types of roses in the world
Although there is no set way to categorize roses, most experts divide them into three main categories:
– Wild rose
– Garden roses
– Modern rose
Also, garden and modern roses are divided into two categories: original and mixed (hybrid).
Damask rose
Rose is the oldest type of rose in the world, which is planted in two different models, a model that blooms only in summer, and a four-season model that blooms in summer and flowers in autumn.
Double Delight Rosa
Double Delight, also known as ANDeli in English, is a red hybrid rose model and was bred in the United States in 1977. Double Delight flower is a combination of red and yellow tea rose, which is mostly planted in gardens. Time to spray fruit trees
Red Eden Rose
Red Paradise rose has many petals (between 100-110 petals), large and with dark red and crimson color. This rose model, which can be planted in two types of wall (walker) and bush, was bred in 2004 under the name of star rose in Pennsylvania, USA. Blooming, growth rate and height of Red Beheshti rose vary according to the region and weather conditions.
Rose Winchester Cathedral Winchester Cathedra Rose
The Winchester Cathedral rose is a subcategory of David Austin or English rose, which is very popular among buyers and growers. Introduced in 1988, the Winchester Cathedral Rose is white with frequent flowering and moderate fragrance. The petals of the Winchester rose are medium in size and approximately 60 in number, which change color to light pink when touched.
(Joseph’s Coat Rose)
The multi-colored rose, known in English as Joseph’s Coat, has high resistance and is grown in a wide range of colors such as red, gold, orange, cherry, yellow, etc. in the world.
Multi-colored roses can be planted both as creepers (wall) and as shrubs, but you should choose a location that receives at least six hours of full sunlight.
Countess of rose tea flower
The tea rose is a hybrid and informal model and is usually combined with old and resistant roses and known as modern roses. Tea flower is cultivated and planted in different types and with different names in the world. One of the most famous flowers is Countess tea. This flower, which was cultivated in 1962, has large and semi-full petals.
Miniature Roses
Miniature roses are small versions of hybrid tea roses. This rose model has small but resistant leaves, stems and petals. Miniatures come in a wide variety of colors, including pink, orange, white, and yellow.
Miniature roses bloom simultaneously for two to three weeks. Often this rose model is offered as a houseplant, it grows well in the right pot and grows between 6 and 18 inches tall.
Japanese Kerria Rose
Despite their beautiful appearance, Japanese roses are hard as nails and have high resistance. This type of rose is rarely attacked by pests due to its resistance. This rose model is also known as the golden waterfall because it has arched stems and yellow and golden petals and looks like chrysanthemum. Unlike other species, this rose model is shade-loving and drought-resistant.
Tea Roses
The tea rose, which was first planted in China as a hybrid flower, was recognized for its aroma similar to Chinese black tea. They have a wide range of colors including white with pastel shades of pink, yellow with lemon shades, etc. Usually the petals of the tea flower turn back from the edges, which gives rise to the middle petals.
Important and practical points in growing and propagating roses
After you have chosen your desired rose. The next step is to buy roses from a reputable grower. After that, you should get to know the important points such as fertilizing, care, pruning, etc.
Planting roses: Roses can be grown as bushes and stems. Fresh-rooted roses are available in early spring and are usually sold in peat moss or similar material that holds moisture well. Planting roses by cuttings blooms longer than root planting. Usually, the roots of potted roses are shorter than those of garden roses, but they are easier to plant.
Soil: Although roses grow in any soil, it is better to choose rich, moist and well-drained soil to prevent disease and pests.
Light: Most rose varieties grow well in full sun. Therefore, when growing roses, consider places where the flower can receive at least 6 hours of sunlight. Gardening ideas
Temperature: The most useful temperature for most types of roses is between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius.
Watering: Be sure to water your roses well after planting, especially if you planted them in the summer when they are more susceptible to drying out. It is very important to do deep irrigation and to water the soil completely. Along with watering, you can add a 2- to 3-inch layer of mulch to the soil around your roses to retain moisture and prevent weed growth. Mulch can also act as a barrier to prevent disease from reaching the rose petals from the soil.
Pruning: Pruning rose bushes makes them green, healthy and lasting. Most gardeners prune their roses in early spring just before they grow or begin to grow. Try to prune dead and weak branches.
Fertilizer: organic fertilizers obtained from plant or animal materials should be considered as a part of the nutritional regime of roses in combination or alone. Compost also strengthens the overall health of roses and increases their resistance to pests and diseases. The nutrients required for roses are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).
Propagation: The most popular method for propagating roses is cuttings through the stem, which must be taken from a healthy plant. Propagating roses by cuttings is done in two types: ground cuttings (putting it in the soil of a pot or garden) and aerial cuttings (without separating the stem from the main flower and placing it in the planting nylon).
What are the diseases and pests of roses?
Roses seem to suffer more than their fair share of pests and diseases. Perhaps the main reason is that because of people’s great interest in this flower and planting it in any place, they expose the plant to any pest. Some of the pests and diseases of roses along with their symptoms are:
Mosquito: Whitening of leaves, formation of white, yellow and brown spots on leaves, formation of silk nets in fresh leaves.
– Ginger: loss of half of the plant’s green pigments, falling leaves, especially younger leaves, flower death
– Black spot: creating circular spots in brown to black colors, creating a rose-colored halo around each spot, falling rose leaves.
-Powdery mildew: creating small and circular white spots on the surface of leaves, buds, stems and flowers, changing the shape of flower parts, leaf fall.
– Nematodes: decrease in strength and power of roses, yellowing and early leaf fall, wilting, lack of bud formation.